Tech advice: TV Technologies

If you’re thinking about a new TV but are confused by the jargon around screen types, here’s what you need to know. When flatscreen TV first made its debut, the choice was simple – plasma or LCD. These days it’s far more complex, with a wide array of competing technologies all vying for your attention. They all have their pros and cons, so here’s a rundown of what to look for.

LED: 

LED is the starting point for most flatscreen TVs. LED TVs are actually LCD TVs at heart, just with LED rather than fluorescent backlighting. Because LEDs can dim individual screen zones, you get much better contrast and brightness. The use of LEDs also makes TVs slimmer than ever, with ‘picture frame’ type TVs a very real possibility. LED is just the start, however. Here’s how the technology has risen to new heights in recent years…

Mini LED:

Mini LED takes LED technology in precisely the direction you’d expect from its name. The tiny LEDs are officially classed as being below 0.2mm in size. Fitting more LEDs behind the panel improves brightness, making the picture clearer and better defined. Mini LED also ramps up the number of potential dimming zones. More zones means less light bleed – sharpening up the image and improving contrast, especially on darker sections. On their own, Mini LEDs make a great improvement, but when combined with quantum dot technology they truly excel.

NanoCell:

LG’s NanoCell screens integrate tiny, nanometre particles into a regular LED screen. These act as a layer, filtering the colour. When light passes through them, impurities are removed, giving you the most accurate colour signal possible. The key advantage with NanoCell technology is a more natural picture. The improved filtering also provides a wider viewing angle – handy when there’s a room full of people watching TV.

QNED:

QNED takes NanoCell tech and makes it even better. The ‘Q’ part of the name stands for Quantum. Adding quantum dot technology to NanoCell introduces blue lighting and a film of billions of quantum dots. These glow brilliantly with colour, giving the image a vivid, lifelike picture quality. Getting the most from the quantum dot layer, Mini LEDs offer greatly improved light control. With up to thousands of dimming zones, contrast is greatly enhanced.

QLED:

Where LG have NanoCell and QNED, Samsung offer QLED and Neo QLED. Samsung pioneered the use of quantum dot TV tech in 2015. By 2017, Quantum Dot TV had evolved into QLED. Just as with LG’s QNED, QLED uses a layer of specifically sized quantum dots to reproduce individual colours. Even today, Samsung’s QLED technology is renowned for vivid and colourful pictures. Careful picture setting adjustment is often more crucial than with other TVs but, once adjusted, there’s little to beat QLED for colour reproduction at its price.

Neo QLED:

QLED’s next step is to Samsung’s Neo QLED. This upgrades the backlighting technology from regular LED to Mini LED. You now get tens of thousands of tiny LED lights where, before, there were just a handful. Combined with full array dimming, Neo QLED technology gives the ability to dim and brighten individual sections of the screen, greatly improving the picture’s detail and contrast. In the early days of the technology, QLED could appear a bit ‘washed out’ in comparison to OLED. Neo QLED narrows the gap, with improvements in contrast equally appreciable for movies and gaming.

RGB Mini LED:

RGB Mini LED is the latest advance and uses separate Red, Green and Blue LEDs as its light source. Unlike traditional LED TVs that rely on white and blue backlights and colour filters, RGB Mini LED systems generate pure red, green and blue light directly, allowing the TV to produce a wider range of colours with greater precision and brightness. Although widely supported within the TV industry, each manufacturer has its own take, with subtle tweaks to how the tech works. Sony refer to their version as True RGB, while Samsung call it Micro RGB. With LG it’s Micro RGB evo. Hisense, TCL and Philips all stick to RGB Mini LED.

SQD Mini LED:

Developed by TCL, SQD (Super Quantum Dot) Mini LED rivals RGB Mini LED for colour brilliance and accuracy but goes about it in a different way. It uses conventional Mini LEDs for backlighting, but with Micro-Lens Technology for enhanced focus and reduced light bloom. In addition to this, a Super Quantum Dot layer replaces traditional colour filters, giving you a wider colour spectrum and ultra-pure whites.

OLED:

OLED is the first screen technology here that breaks away from the original LCD format. Rather than using a backlight and layers of liquid crystals with polarising filters, OLED takes an entirely different approach. When a charge is passed through the panel, you get light. This makes OLED ‘self-emitting’, eliminating the need for a backlight. It gives individual pixel control and it’s this that creates OLED’s legendary contrast capability and unbeatable depth. OLED TVs generally have a wider viewing angle. The simpler design, without backlighting, makes the panels much thinner than LED-based ones – take a look at the ultra-thin LG Gallery models, for example. It’s not a cheap technology however and, due to their backlighting, QLED and QNED screens can make a better choice in very bright rooms.

QD-OLED:

Bring together Quantum Dot and OLED and you get… QD – OLED. The name might lack originality, but the technology certainly does not. Taking OLED as its basis, QD – OLED uses a blue lighting panel. Each pixel is composed of red, green and blue subpixels. The blue subpixels simply allow the blue light to pass through. The red and green subpixels, however, are created with quantum dots, giving you exceptional colour reproduction.

Primary RGB Tandem OLED:

Top of the tech tree right now is LG’s Primary RGB Tandem 2.0 panel. It generates light by independently stacking the three primary colours (red, green and blue). This maximises the lighting efficiency, meaning that it’s much brighter than previous OLED displays, but still with the deep blacks and infinite contrast that’s made OLED a fan favourite.

Micro LED:

Micro LED is a cutting-edge technology, promising to outperform even the latest OLED. Like OLED, Micro LED features individual pixel lighting. The way these are lit, though, is very different. Rather than using an organic material layer, each pixel is lit by red, green and blue LEDs. A 4K screen with over 8 million pixels is going to need a lot of LEDs – around 25 million in fact! Now you can see why they’re called ‘micro’ LEDs. Micro LED has the potential to transform TV technology. On the one hand you have the individual pixel lighting that makes OLED so impressive. On the other, you get the efficiency of LED technology; including improved brightness, lower power consumption and longer life. As with nearly all new technologies, it will take a while for prices to fall. Also, compressing this number of LEDs into smaller TVs is especially difficult, which is why the technology will first feature in screens larger than 75 inches.

With so many options out there, we think there’s a perfect TV for everyone, so check out our TV selection here. But seeing is believing, which is why we’d also highly recommend visiting your local Richer Sounds store to see the technology in action.